Names in boldface indicate the Majority Party.
Names in normal type indicate the Minority Party.
| CONGRESS | HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES | UNITED STATES SENATE | CONGRESS | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (years) | Democrat | Republican | Democrat | Republican | (years) | ||||
| Leader | Whip | Leader | Whip | Leader | Whip | Leader | Whip | ||
| 56th (1899-1901) |
James D. Richardson [Tennessee] |
Oscar W. Underwood [Alabama] |
Sereno E. Payne [New York] |
James A. Tawney [Minnesota |
56th (1899-1901) |
||||
| 57th (1901-1903) |
Richardson | James T. Lloyd [Missouri] |
Payne | Tawney | 57th (1901-1903) |
||||
| 58th (1903-1905) |
John Sharp Williams [Mississippi] |
Lloyd | Payne | Tawney | 58th (1903-1905) |
||||
| 59th (1905-1907) |
Williams | Lloyd | Payne | James E. Watson [Indiana] |
59th (1905-1907) |
||||
| 60th (1907-1909) |
James Beauchamp ["Champ"] Clark [Missouri] |
Lloyd | Payne | Watson | 60th (1907-1909) |
||||
| 61st (1909-1911) |
Clark | Payne | John W. Dwight [New York] |
61st (1909-1911) |
|||||
| 62nd (1911-1913) |
Oscar W. Underwood [Alabama] |
James R. Mann [Illinois] |
Dwight | Thomas S. Martin [Virginia] |
Shelby M. Cullom [Illinois] |
62nd (1911-1913) |
|||
| 63rd (1913-1915) |
Underwood | Mann | Charles H. Burke [South Dakota] |
John W. Kern [Indiana] |
J. Hamilton Lewis [Illinois] |
Jacob H. Gallinger [New Hampshire] |
63rd (1913-1915) |
||
| 64th (1915-1917) |
Claude Kitchin [North Carolina] |
Mann | Charles M. Hamilton [New York] |
Kern | Lewis | Gallinger | James W. Wadsworth [New York] (to 13 December 1915); Charles Curtis [Kansas] |
64th (1915-1917) |
|
| 65th (1917-1919) |
Kitchin | Mann | Hamilton | Martin (returning) |
Lewis | Gallinger (died 17 August 1918); Henry Cabot Lodge [Massachusetts] |
Curtis | 65th (1917-1919) |
|
| 66th (1919-1921) |
Clark (returning) |
Franklin W. Mondell [Wyoming] |
Harold Knutson [Minnesota] |
Martin (died 12 November 1919); Gilbert M. Hitchcock [Nebraska] (interim) (to 27 April 1920); Oscar W. Underwood [Alabama] |
Peter G. Gerry [Rhode Island] |
Lodge | Curtis | 66th (1919-1921) |
|
| 67th (1921-1923) |
Kitchin (returning) |
William A. Oldfield [Arkansas] |
Mondell | Knutson | Underwood | Gerry | Lodge | Curtis | 67th (1921-1923) |
| 68th (1923-1925) |
Finis J. Garrett [Tennessee] |
Oldfield | Nicholas Longworth [Ohio] |
Albert H. Vestal [Indiana] |
Joseph T. Robinson [Arkansas] |
Gerry | Lodge (died 9 November 1924); Charles Curtis [Kansas] |
Curtis (to 28 November 1924); Wesley L. Jones [Washington] |
68th (1923-1925) |
| 69th (1925-1927) |
Garrett | Oldfield | John Q. Tilson [Connecticut] |
Vestal | Robinson | Gerry | Curtis | Jones | 69th (1925-1927) |
| 70th (1927-1929) |
Garrett | Oldfield (died 19 November 1928); John McDuffie [Alabama] |
Tilson | Vestal | Robinson | Gerry | Curtis | Jones | 70th (1927-1929) |
| 71st (1929-1931) |
John Nance Garner [Texas] |
McDuffie | Tilson | Vestal | Robinson | Morris Sheppard [Texas] |
James E. Watson [Indiana] |
Simeon D. Fess [Ohio] |
71st (1929-1931) |
| 72nd (1931-1933) |
Henry T. Rainey [Illinois] |
McDuffie | Bertrand H. Snell [New York] |
Carl G. Bachmann [West Virginia] |
Robinson | Sheppard | Watson | Fess | 72nd (1931-1933) |
| 73rd (1933-1935) |
Joseph W. Byrns [Tennessee] |
Arthur H. Greenwood [Indiana] |
Snell | Harry L. Englebright [California] |
Robinson | Lewis (returning) |
Charles L. McNary [Oregon] |
Felix Hebert [Rhode Island] |
73rd (1933-1935) |
| 74th (1935-1937) |
William B. Bankhead [Alabama] (Speaker: 4 June 1936) |
Patrick J. Boland [Pennsylvania] |
Snell | Englebright | Robinson | Lewis | McNary | 74th (1935-1937) |
|
| 75th (1937-1939) |
Sam Rayburn [Texas] |
Boland | Snell | Englebright | Robinson (died 14 July 1937); Alben W. Barkley [Kentucky] |
Lewis | McNary | 75th (1937-1939) |
|
| 76th (1939-1941) |
Rayburn (Speaker: 16 September 1940); John W. McCormack [Massachusetts] |
Boland | Joseph W. Martin, Jr. [Massachusetts] |
Englebright | Barkley | Sherman Minton [Indiana] |
McNary | 76th (1939-1941) |
|
| 77th (1941-1943) |
McCormack | Boland (died 18 May 1942); Robert Ramspeck [Georgia] |
Martin | Englebright | Barkley | Lister Hill [Alabama] |
McNary | 77th (1941-1943) |
|
| 78th (1943-1945) |
McCormack | Ramspeck | Martin | Leslie C. Arends [Illinois] |
Barkley | Hill | McNary | Kenneth S. Wherry [Nebraska] |
78th (1943-1945) |
| 79th (1945-1947) |
McCormack | Ramspeck (resigned 31 December 1945); John J. Sparkman [Alabama] |
Martin | Arends | Barkley | Hill | Wallace H. White, Jr. [Maine] |
Wherry | 79th (1945-1947) |
| 80th (1947-1949) |
Rayburn (returning) |
John W. McCormack [Massachusetts] |
Charles A. Halleck [Indiana] |
Arends | Barkley | Scott W. Lucas [Illinois] |
White | Wherry | 80th (1947-1949) |
| 81st (1949-1951) |
McCormack (returning) |
J. Percy Priest [Tennessee] |
Martin (returning) |
Arends | Scott W. Lucas [Illinois] |
Francis Myers [Pennsylvania] |
Kenneth S. Wherry [Nebraska] |
Leverett Saltonstall [Massachusetts] |
81st (1949-1951) |
| 82nd (1951-1953) |
McCormack | Priest | Martin | Arends | Ernest W. McFarland [Arizona] |
Lyndon Baines Johnson [Texas] |
Wherry (died 29 November 1951); H. Styles Bridges [New Hampshire] |
Saltonstall | 82nd (1951-1953) |
| 83rd (1953-1955) |
Rayburn (returning) |
McCormack (returning) |
Halleck (returning) |
Arends | Lyndon Baines Johnson [Texas] |
Earle Clements [Kentucky] |
Robert A. Taft [Ohio] (died 31 July 1953); William F. Knowland [California] |
Saltonstall | 83rd (1953-1955) |
| 84th (1955-1957) |
McCormack (returning) |
Carl Albert [Oklahoma] |
Martin (returning) |
Arends | Johnson | Clements | Knowland | Saltonstall | 84th (1955-1957) |
| 85th (1957-1959) |
McCormack | Albert | Martin | Arends | Johnson | Michael J. "Mike" Mansfield [Montana] |
Knowland | Everett McKinley Dirksen [Illinois] |
85th (1957-1959) |
| 86th (1959-1961) |
McCormack | Albert | Halleck (returning) |
Arends | Johnson | Mansfield | Everett McKinley Dirksen [Illinois] |
Thomas H. Kuchel [California] |
86th (1959-1961) |
| 87th (1961-1963) |
McCormack (Speaker: 10 January 1962); Carl Albert [Oklahoma] |
Albert (to 10 January 1962); Hale Boggs [Louisiana] |
Halleck | Arends | Michael J. "Mike" Mansfield [Montana] |
Hubert H. Humphrey [Minnesota] |
Dirksen | Kuchel | 87th (1961-1963) |
| 88th (1963-1965) |
Albert | Boggs | Halleck | Arends | Mansfield | Humphrey | Dirksen | Kuchel | 88th (1963-1965) |
| 89th (1965-1967) |
Albert | Boggs | Gerald R. Ford [Michigan] |
Arends | Mansfield | Russell B. Long [Louisiana] |
Dirksen | Kuchel | 89th (1965-1967) |
| 90th (1967-1969) |
Albert | Boggs | Ford | Arends | Mansfield | Long | Dirksen | Kuchel | 90th (1967-1969) |
| 91st (1969-1971) |
Albert | Boggs | Ford | Arends | Mansfield | Edward M. Kennedy [Massachusetts] |
Dirksen (died 7 September 1969); Hugh Scott [Pennsylvania] |
Hugh Scott [Pennsylvania] (to 24 September 1969); Robert P. Griffin [Michigan] |
91st (1969-1971) |
| 92nd (1971-1973) |
Hale Boggs [Louisiana] |
Thomas P. "Tip" O'Neill [Massachusetts] |
Ford | Arends | Mansfield | Robert C. Byrd [West Virginia] |
Scott | Griffin | 92nd (1971-1973) |
| 93rd (1973-1975) |
Thomas P. "Tip" O'Neill [Massachusetts] |
John J. McFall [California] |
Ford (Vice President: 6 December 1973); John J. Rhodes [Arizona] |
Arends | Mansfield | Byrd | Scott | Griffin | 93rd (1973-1975) |
| 94th (1975-1977) |
O'Neill | McFall | Rhodes | Robert H. Michel [Illinois] |
Mansfield | Byrd | Scott | Griffin | 94th (1975-1977) |
| 95th (1977-1979) |
James C. Wright, Jr. [Texas] |
John Brademas [Indiana] |
Rhodes | Michel | Robert C. Byrd [West Virginia] |
Alan Cranston [California] |
Howard H. Baker, Jr. [Tennessee] |
Ted Stevens [Alaska] |
95th (1977-1979) |
| 96th (1979-1981) |
Wright | Brademas | Rhodes | Michel | Byrd | Cranston | Baker | Stevens | 96th (1979-1981) |
| 97th (1981-1983) |
Wright | Thomas S. Foley [Washington] |
Robert H. Michel [Illinois] |
Trent Lott [Mississippi] |
Byrd | Cranston | Baker | Stevens | 97th (1981-1983) |
| 98th (1983-1985) |
Wright | Foley | Michel | Lott | Byrd | Cranston | Baker | Stevens | 98th (1983-1985) |
| 99th (1985-1987) |
Wright | Foley | Michel | Lott | Byrd | Cranston | Robert J. Dole [Kansas] |
Alan K. Simpson [Wyoming] |
99th (1985-1987) |
| 100th (1987-1989) |
Thomas S. Foley [Washington] |
Anthony L. "Tony" Coelho[California] | Michel | Lott | Byrd | Cranston | Dole | Simpson | 100th (1987-1989) |
| 101st (1989-1991) |
Foley (Speaker: 6 June 1989); Richard A. Gephardt [Missouri] |
Coelho (resigned 15 June 1989); William H. Gray 3d [Pennsylvania] |
Michel | Richard B. "Dick" Cheney [Wyoming] (resigned 17 March 1989); Newt Gingrich [Georgia] |
George J. Mitchell [Maine] |
Cranston | Dole | Simpson | 101st (1989-1991) |
| 102nd (1991-1993) |
Gephardt | Gray (resigned 11 September 1991); David E. Bonior [Michigan] |
Michel | Gingrich | Mitchell | Wendell H. Ford [Kentucky] |
Dole | Simpson | 102nd (1991-1993) |
| 103rd (1993-1995) |
Gephardt | Bonior | Michel | Gingrich | Mitchell | Ford | Dole | Simpson | 103rd (1993-1995) |
| 104th (1995-1997) |
Gephardt | Bonior | Richard K. "Dick" Armey [Texas] |
Thomas D. "Tom" DeLay [Texas] |
Thomas A. Daschle [South Dakota] |
Ford | Dole (resigned 11 June 1996); Trent Lott [Mississippi] |
Trent Lott [Mississippi} (to 11 June 1996); Donald L. "Don" Nickles [Oklahoma] |
104th (1995-1997) |
| 105th (1997-1999) |
Gephardt | Bonior | Armey | DeLay | Daschle | Ford | Lott | Nickles | 105th (1997-1999) |
| 106th (1999-2001) |
Gephardt | Bonior | Armey | DeLay | Daschle | Harry Reid [Nevada] |
Lott | Nickles | 106th (1999-2001) |
| 107th* (2001-2003) |
Gephardt | Bonior (resigned 15 January 2002) Nancy Pelosi [California] |
Armey | DeLay | Daschle* | Reid* | Lott* | Nickles* | 107th (2001-2003) |
| 108th (2003-2005) |
Nancy Pelosi [California] |
Steny Hoyer [Maryland] |
Tom DeLay [Texas] |
Roy Blunt [Missouri] |
Daschle | Reid | Bill Frist [Tennessee] |
Mitch McConnell [Kentucky] |
108th (2003-2005) |
| 109th (2005-2007) |
Pelosi | Hoyer | DeLay (replaced 2 February 2006) (Majority Whip Blunt having been acting Leader from 28 September 2005 thru 2 February 2006); John Boehner [Ohio] |
Blunt | Harry Reid [Nevada] |
Richard Durbin [Illinois] |
Frist | McConnell | 109th (2005-2007) |
| 110th (2007-2009) |
Steny Hoyer [Maryland] |
James Clyburn [South Carolina] |
Boehner | Blunt | Reid | Durbin | Mitch McConnell [Kentucky] |
Trent Lott [Mississippi] (replaced 6 December 2007) (in anticipation of Senator Lott's impending resignation from the Senate); Jon Kyl [Arizona] |
110th (2007-2009) |
| 111th (2009-2011) |
Hoyer | Clyburn | Boehner | Eric Cantor [Virginia] |
Reid | Durbin | McConnell | Kyl | 111th (2009-2011) |
| 112th (2011-2013) |
Nancy Pelosi [California] |
Steny Hoyer [Maryland] |
Eric Cantor [Virginia] |
Kevin McCarthy [California] |
Reid | Durbin | McConnell | Kyl | 112th (2011-2013) |
| 113th (2013-2015) |
Pelosi | Hoyer | Cantor | McCarthy | Reid | Durbin | McConnell | John Cornyn [Texas] |
113th (2013-2015) |
| 113th (2013-2015) |
Pelosi | Hoyer | Cantor (replaced 1 August 2014); Kevin McCarthy [California] |
McCarthy; Steve Scalise [Louisiana] (from 1 August 2014) |
Reid | Durbin | McConnell | John Cornyn [Texas] |
113th (2013-2015) |
| 114th (2015-2017) |
Pelosi | Hoyer | McCarthy | Scalise | Reid | Durbin | McConnell | Cornyn | 114th (2015-2017) |
| 115th (2017-2019) |
Pelosi | Hoyer | McCarthy | Scalise | Charles E. Schumer [New York] |
Durbin | McConnell | Cornyn | 115th (2017-2019) |
| Leader | Whip | Leader | Whip | Leader | Whip | Leader | Whip | ||
| (years) | Democrat | Republican | Democrat | Republican | (years) | ||||
| CONGRESS | HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES | UNITED STATES SENATE | CONGRESS | ||||||
Notes
The 107th Congress convened at noon on 3 January 2001 with 50 Democrats and 50 Republicans in the SENATE: from then until noon on 20 January 2001- while Democrat Al Gore remained Vice President of the United States (and, thus, constitutional President of the Senate)- Senators Daschle and Reid were Majority Leader and Whip, respectively, while Senators Lott and Nickles were Minority Leader and Whip, respectively. At noon on 20 January 2001, at which point Republican Dick Cheney was inaugurated as Vice President of the United States (and, thus, constitutional President of the Senate)- Senators Lott and Nickles returned as Majority Leader and Whip, respectively, while Senators Daschle and Reid reverted to being Minority Leader and Whip, respectively.
On 24 May 2001, Republican Senator Jim Jeffords of Vermont announced his intention to leave the Republican Party and become an Independent; as a result of this action, the SENATE became one of 50 Democrats, 49 Republicans and 1 Independent. Therefore, officially as of 6 June 2001, Senators Daschle and Reid returned as Majority Leader and Whip, respectively, while Senators Lott and Nickles reverted to being Minority Leader and Whip, respectively.
Events surrounding the Midterm Election of 5 November 2002 further complicated the leadership situation in the SENATE as the outgoing 107th Congress drew to a close. On 25 October 2002, after Congress had recessed for the Election itself, Democrat Senator Paul Wellstone of Minnesota was killed in a plane crash; he was replaced through the appointment of Independent Dean Barkley on 4 November: as a result, the SENATE became one of 49 Democrats, 49 Republicans and 2 Independents; as neither Party had control of half the Senate (50 seats) when the so-called "lame duck" (that is, post-election) period of the 2nd session of the 107th Congress got underway on 12 November 2002, Senators Daschle and Reid retained- for the time being- their positions as Majority Leader and Whip, respectively, while Senators Lott and Nickles remained- for this duration- Minority Leader and Whip, respectively.
Sessions of Congress of the United States
A Brief History of Congressional Leadership
Created Mon 9 Jan 2017. Modified .